shine india subscription Published this article page no 24 Solar Proton Events A solar particle event or solar proton event (SPE) or prompt proton event occurs when particles emitted by the Sun mostly protons become accelerated either in the solar atmosphere during a solar flare or in interplanetary space by a coronal mass ejection shock.These particles can penetrate the Earths magnetic field and cause partial ionization of the ionosphere. Energetic protons are a significant radiation hazard to spacecraft and astronauts. Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) is one of the biggest eruptions from the Suns surface that can contain a billion tons of matter accelerated to several million miles per hour into space. The underlying cause of CMEs is not well understood. Astronomers agree however that the suns magnetic field plays a major role. 1. Eighth schedule to the Constitution Context Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar has said his government would revive its longpending demand for inclusion of Bhojpuri in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution so that it can be accorded the status of an official language.The state cabinet had sent a proposal to the Centre in this regard in 2017. Eighth schedule to the Constitution Part XVII of the Indian constitution deals with the official languages in Articles 343 to 351. The Constitutional provisions related to the Eighth Schedule are 1. Article 344 Article 344(1) provides for the constitution of a Commission by the President on expiration of five years from the commencement of the Constitution. 2. Article 351 It provides for the spread of the Hindi language to develop it so that it may serve as a medium of expression for all the elements of the composite culture of India. Assamese Bengali Gujarati Hindi Kannada Kashmiri Konkani Malayalam Manipuri Marathi Nepali Oriya Punjabi Sanskrit Sindhi Tamil Telugu Urdu Bodo Santhali Maithili and Dogri are the 22 languages presently in the eighth schedule to the Constitution shine india subscription buy.
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